[vc_row equal_height=”yes” content_placement=”middle” css=”.vc_custom_1561444964275{margin-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_column width=”2\/3″][vc_single_image image=”217″ img_size=”large” css=”.vc_custom_1561444973493{margin-bottom: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;}”][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/3″ color_style=”light” css=”.vc_custom_1510738492904{margin-left: -15px !important;padding-bottom: 7px !important;background-color: #58749f !important;}” offset=”vc_hidden-sm vc_hidden-xs”][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n
The emergence of the earthquake station, the great time of seismic research, the imminent demolition and finally the successful rescue<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1\/4″ offset=”vc_hidden-sm vc_hidden-xs”][vc_widget_sidebar sidebar_id=”submenu-erdbebenwarte”][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”3\/4″][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n [\/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”2\/3″][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n Emil Wiechert (1898\u20131928) 1897<\/strong><\/p>\n Emil Wiechert moves from K\u00f6nigsberg to G\u00f6ttingen. He succeeds in constructing seismographs to deliver the first scientifically valuable recordings for exploring the Earth’s interior.<\/p>\n 1898<\/strong> 1899<\/strong> 1901, autumn<\/strong> 1902 <\/strong> From 1902<\/strong> 1903<\/strong> 1905<\/strong> 1906<\/strong> 1908<\/strong> 1903-1914<\/strong> Fundamental scientific work on seismology published at that time relates to: seismic attenuation (Angenheister), method for earthquake location (Geiger method), creation of earth models (Wiechert, Geiger, Gutenberg), calculation of amplitude ratios at boundaries (Zoeppritz equations), first reliable proof of the boundary between the Earth’s mantle and crust at 2,900 m depth (Gutenberg), microseismics (Gutenberg), head waves (Mintrop wave), inverse method for exploring the physical properties of the Earth’s interior based on the travel times of seismic waves measured on the Earth’s surface (Wiechert-Herglotz method).<\/p>\n 1921<\/strong> 1923 <\/strong> 1928<\/strong> 1945<\/strong> 1945\/46<\/strong> 1947<\/strong> 1964<\/strong> 1960-1990<\/strong> 1992<\/strong> 1998<\/strong> 2003<\/strong> 2003<\/strong> Since 2003<\/strong> 2005<\/strong> Mid-June 2005: The Institute of Geophysics moves to the physics campus in the northern part of the University of G\u00f6ttingen. The site is offered for sale by the State of Lower Saxony.<\/p>\n 12\/08\/2005: The Earthquake Station and the scaffolding with the Mintrop ball pass into the ownership of the association “Wiechert’sche Erdbebenwarte G\u00f6ttingen e.V.”. The Gau\u00dfhaus remains the university’s property and is maintained by the association “Wiechert’sche Erdbebenwarte G\u00f6ttingen e.V.”. The purchase also comprises about half of the site of the former Institute of Geophysics.<\/p>\nHistorical Earthquake Station<\/h3>\n
The history of the Earthquake Station<\/h1>\n
The Directors of the Earthquake Station<\/h2>\n
\nGustav Angenheister (1928\u20131945)
\nJulius Bartels (1946\u20131964)
\nManfred Siebert (1964\u20131992)
\nUlrich Christensen (1992\u20132003)
\nWiechert’sche Erdbebenwarte G\u00f6ttingen e.V. (since 2005)[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<\/p>\nChronology of the most important milestones<\/h2>\n
\nWiechert is appointed as associate professor on 28 January and, in February, Director of the Geomagnetic Institute, which is renamed to the Institute of Geophysics with corresponding competencies by decree of 2 July. It is the world’s first institute to work in this field. In the first five decades, the main focus of work is seismology.<\/p>\n
\nIn February, the first earthquakes are measured at the observatory using pendulums and light pointers. In summer, further instrumental equipment is developed in the cellar of the observatory; Wilhelm Schl\u00fcter develops what he calls a klinograph.<\/p>\n
\nThe Institute of Geophysics occupies the new building on the Hainberg hill.<\/p>\n
\nThe Old Earthquake Vault is completed and put into operation right away. At the end of the year, the construction of the new institute can be regarded as largely completed.<\/p>\n
\nThe G\u00f6ttingen-based companies Bartels and Spindler & Hoyer play a major role in building the seismographs.<\/p>\n
\nThe continuous seismic recordings with the astatic horizontal seismograph are started in January.<\/p>\n
\nStart of recordings with the vertical seismograph; the 17-tonne pendulum is also gradually introduced during that time; the Earthquake Station in G\u00f6ttingen becomes one of the main stations in the international network for seismological research; Wiechert is appointed to the Chair of Geophysics as full professor.<\/p>\n
\nBy 1906, astatic horizontal seismographs by Wiechert are already used outside G\u00f6ttingen in: Leipzig, Potsdam, Strasbourg, Jena, Hamburg, Uppsala and Samoa. April: full recording of the P, S and surface waves of the San Francisco earthquake; following the Loma Prieta earthquake of 1989 in the same region, the data of the G\u00f6ttingen station allows a direct comparison of the two quakes.<\/p>\n
\nAdditional stations are set up in Clausthal, Heligoland and Tsingtau (China); active experiments with the so-called “Mintrop ball” are started in the same year, marking the beginning of the seismic exploration of near-surface geological layers.<\/p>\n
\nSeismological research in G\u00f6ttingen makes major progress in both seismogram evaluation and theory, based on the high-quality data delivered by the Wiechert seismographs.<\/p>\n
\nMintrop establishes the company Seismos, searching predominantly for crude oil reservoirs on a global scale.<\/p>\n
\nThe earthquake that destroyed Tokyo is fully recorded on 1 September 1923.<\/p>\n
\nAfter Wiechert’s death, Gustav Angenheister takes over as the institute’s director. The main focus of work is the study of the seismic surface waves and the survey of the underground for mining and construction purposes.<\/p>\n
\nThe earthquake station in Heligoland is destroyed by bombs.<\/p>\n
\nAngenheister dies and J. Bartels becomes his successor. Under his direction, geomagnetism \u2013 in connection with the emerging space research \u2013 becomes the main field of work.<\/p>\n
\nThe Earthquake Station G\u00f6ttingen records the explosion that was to blow up bunkers in Heligoland.<\/p>\n
\nBartels dies and M. Siebert takes over his position, initially on an interim basis, becoming full professor in 1968. The fields of research established under Bartels’ direction are continued and expanded, among them electromagnetic deep sounding by U. Schmucker from 1974.<\/p>\n
\nRecording of all major nuclear explosions<\/p>\n
\nUlrich Christensen becomes the institute’s new director. Besides his main fields of research (geodynamic models), seismology becomes a new focus. Michael Weber (today at the German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam) comes to G\u00f6ttingen. The institute leads the “Eifel Plume Project”. Recording of the explosion of a dud from World War II in G\u00f6ttingen (Sch\u00fctzenplatz)<\/p>\n
\nRecording of the explosion of a dud from World War II in G\u00f6ttingen (Pfalz-Grona-Breite)<\/p>\n
\nChristensen moves on to the MPI for Aeronomy, Katlenburg-Lindau, which operates today as the MPI for Solar System Research (MPS) in G\u00f6ttingen. This position has been vacant since then.<\/p>\n
\n100 years of recording the stronger worldwide seismicity and the weaker regional seismicity<\/p>\n
\nSeismological research is no longer carried out in G\u00f6ttingen. The 100 years of operation of the Wiechert Earthquake Station continues (for now).<\/p>\n
\n16\/06\/2005: In view of the institute’s recent relocation to the northern area, the current director of the Institute of Geophysics, Prof. Karsten Bahr http:\/\/www.physik.uni-goettingen.de\/verwaltung\/members\/Bahr.Karsten.html<\/u>, orders that the operation of the Earthquake Station be discontinued with immediate effect. Despite some difficulties, the association (Wiechert’sche Erdbebenwarte G\u00f6ttingen e.V.) and the institute’s staff manage to put the instruments into operation again after a few weeks.<\/p>\n